Exterior Finishes

Outdoor Oil works by saturation. Once the wood is thoroughly oiled then wait 24-48 hours before applying oil base. Use an exterior oil varnish. Do not use a water-based finish such as Exterior 450 Topcoat.

Outdoor Oil works by saturation. Once the wood is thoroughly oiled then wait 24-48 hours before applying oil base. Use an exterior oil varnish. Do not use a water-based finish such as Exterior 450 Topcoat.

Interview by Christine Adams with Ryan Denny:

Ryan, what is the first thing comes to mind when formulating a new finish?

The first thing is always the objective or the result you want to achieve. I look first at the chemistry backbone, what type of resin needs to be used, either polyurethane, acrylic, or water alkyd. The resin is going to dictate the performance or durability of the finish.

Give us an example of the decisions that affect an exterior finish.

With an exterior finish, you must keep two things in mind. 1) People forget that wood is always going to degrade no matter what finish you put on it. 2) You must approach wood finishes as a maintenance product. Wood finishes are outside in severe changes of temperature, sunlight, and moisture. At the end of the day, Mother Nature will always win over one application. Neither the conditions nor the substrate can be controlled.

To learn how to maintain your exterior finishes, visit the product pages at www.generalfinishes.com.

Ryan, when you are selecting resins for an exterior finish, what attributes are important?

When selecting resins, I look for a balance of three qualities: a balance of durability and hardness, elongation, and UV resistance.

Hardness does not equate to durability, and it must be balanced. Think of the difference between glass vs plexiglass. Glass is hard, but if you throw a rock at it, it will crack and break. If you throw a rock at plexiglass, it will bounce off. You don’t want too hard of a finish out in the weather – a hard finish cannot handle sun and heat.

Elongation means the finish will flex with the temperatures and not delaminate or crack.

UV resistance is achieved with resin selection and additives. UV stabilizers are used to retard the degradation of the coating. And here is a MYTH BUSTER: a finish will NOT stabilize the color shift or integrity of the wood, just the integrity of the finish.

Finally, remember that exterior finishes are “water-resistant” and not “water-impervious.” Exterior finishes such as stains and clears perform longer on vertical surfaces such as garage doors, windows, exterior doors, and furniture. Large horizontal surfaces, such as decks, fare better with pigment-based coatings because of the heavy beating they take from the sun. To learn how to maintain your exterior finishes, visit the product pages at www.generalfinishes.com.

New technologies are advancing in the exterior-finish arena, but continue to use these finishes wisely as a maintenance product, with respect for Mother Nature and the many variances in the substrate.

When comparing General Finishes Outdoor Oil and Exterior 450 outdoor water-based topcoat , there are several key differences to consider:

Application and Protection

Outdoor Oil:

• Penetrates into the wood fibers rather than forming a film on top
• Simpler and quicker to apply - can be sprayed, rolled or brushed on and wiped off
• Provides less overall protection compared to topcoats
• Requires more frequent reapplication, typically annually, dependent on environmental conditions
• Can be used on decks.

Exterior 450 Outdoor Topcoat:

• Forms a protective film layer on the wood surface
• More complex application process, often requiring multiple coats
• Offers superior protection against moisture and UV damage
• Not intended for large horizontal surfaces such as deck.
• Lasts longer before needing reapplication, typically 3-5 years dependent on environmental conditions

Appearance and Maintenance

Outdoor Oil:

• Enhances the natural look of the wood
• Easier to maintain - simply clean and reapply
• May darken the wood slightly

Exterior 450 Outdoor Topcoat:

• Can provide a range of sheens from matte to glossy
• Requires more effort to refinish - may need stripping and sanding

Durability and Longevity

Outdoor Oil:

• Less durable overall, but easy to reapply
• Typically lasts 1-2 years before needing reapplication

Exterior 450 Outdoor Topcoat:

• More durable and longer-lasting protection
• Can last 3-5 years or more with proper care
• Includes UV protection of the film (not the wood) and mildewicides to retard the growth of mold

Composition

Outdoor Oil:

• Contains UV inhibitors and mildewcides
• Organic oil

Exterior 450 Outdoor Topcoat:

• Water-based self-crosslinking polyurethane/acrylic. 
• Often includes UV protection and other additives for durability.

In summary, outdoor oils offer more a straightforward application and maintenance but less protection. In contrast, outdoor topcoats provide superior durability and protection at the cost of more complex application and refinishing processes. Their choice depends on the specific project requirements, desired appearance, and willingness to perform regular maintenance.